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Urban scenarios model water networks as a series of nodes and links. This lumped approach means that while some node models may have a spatial component, all activity at these nodes is assumed to occur at a single point. Modelling that requires spatial variation should use the functionality available in Source catchment scenarios.
Urban Demand
Urban Developer represents demand is represented by simulating individual end-uses at the household level. The end-use categories included in Urban Developer are:
• outdoor;
• shower;
• washing machine;
• toilets and
• indoor hand taps.
These five end-uses typically comprise 93-98% of household water use (Thyer et al, 2008). End-uses such as baths and leaks are excluded. By separating demand into its individual users this provides the user with the flexibility to use different sources for each of the different types of end-use. The urban demand is represented by a Water Use node. Urban Developer offers two methods for simulating the water use at a water use node, either:
• Average daily model, or
• Behavioural model , with two different configurations:
a) Fixed appliances and occupancy specified for each water use node in the model
b) Randomly sampled values for appliances and occupancy across the water use
nodes in the model
c) Average appliance and occupancy, using the same probability distribution of the sampled model, but producing a single mean value.
The average daily and behavioral model are two different nodes in the node palette.
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