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Table 1. Model parameters
Parameter | Description | Units | Default | Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|
P | Rainfall scaling parameter | NA | 1 | 0 - 2 |
γ | Calibration parameter for sub-surface partitioning | NA | 0.6 | 0 - 2 |
α | Calibration parameter for groundwater delay | NA | 50 | 1 - 500 |
β | Calibration parameter for lateral flow delay | NA | 5 | 1 - 30 |
D | Recharge to deep regional groundwater | m3/day | 0 | ≥0 |
REMOVE | Calibration parameter for loss from the stream | NA | 1 | ≥1 |
LATPER | ‘Lateral flow’ salinity as a proportion of the groundwater salinity | NA | 0.2 | 0 - 1 |
Output data
A time series of total stream flow at the catchment outlet (Q), salt export from the catchment in stream flow (SALT), discharge to the stream from lateral flow (DLF), discharge to the stream from groundwater (DGW), and runoff from the water balance model (RO).
In addition, the variables listed in Table 2 can be recorded.
Table 2. Recorded variables from PERFECT
Variable | Parameter | Frequency |
Tsevap | Daily soil evaporation | time step |
Ttrans | Total daily transpiration | time step |
PreRassamLittleboyRecharge | Recharge before Rassam-Littleboy split | time step |
PostRassamLittleboyRecharge | Recharge after Rassam-Littleboy split | time step |
PostRassamLittleboyLateralFlow | Lateral flow after Rassam-Littleboy split | time step |
Swtot | Daily total soil water | time step |
Tse | Daily PERFECT evapotranspiration | time step |
GreenCover | Green cover proportion | time step |
TotalCover | Total cover proportion | time step |
Reference list
Chapman, TG (1980). Modelling groundwater-flow over sloping beds. Water Resources Research, 16(6):1114-1118.
Childs, EC (1971) Drainage of groundwater resting on a sloping bed’, Water Resources Research 7(50): 1256-1263.
Coram, JE, Dyson PR, Houlder, PA & Evans, WR (2000) Australian groundwater flow systems contributing to dryland salinity. Report by the Bureau of Rural Sciences for the Dryland Salinity Theme of the National Land and Water Resources Audit, Canberra.
Croke, BFW, Letcher, RA & Jakeman, AJ (2006) Development of a distributed flow model for underpinning assessment of water allocation options in the Namoi River Basin, Australia’, Journal of Hydrology 319: 51-71.
Dawes,W.R., Gilfedder, M.,Walker, G.R., Evans,W.R., (2004). Biophysical modelling of catchment-scale surface water and groundwater response to land-use change. Math. Comput. Simul. 64(1): 3-12.
Evans, R. (2007). The impact of groundwater use on Australia’s Rivers, Land & Water Australia, Sinclair Knight Merz (SKM): 127.
Gilfedder, M, Walker, GR, Dawes, WR & Stenson, MP (2009) Prioritisation approach for estimating the biophysical impacts of land-use change on streamflow and salt export at a catchment scale, Environmental Modelling and Software 24(2): 262-269.
Glover, RE & Balmer, GG (1954) River depletion resulting from pumping a well near a river, Transactions of the American Geophysical Union 35(3): 468-470.
Henderson, FM & Wooding, RA (1964) Overland flow + groundwater flow from steady rainfall of finite duration, Journal of Geophysical Research 69(8) 1531-1540.
Herron, NF & Croke BWF (2007) Including the influence of groundwater exchanges in a lumped rainfall-runoff model, Proceedings of MODSIM07 Congress, December 2007, Christchurch, pp. 1436-1442.
Littleboy, M, Silburn, DM, Freebairn, DM, Woodruff, DR, Hammer, GL & Leslie, JK (1992) Impact of soil erosion on production in cropping systems, I. Development and validation of a simulation model, Australian Journal of Soil Research 30:757-774.
Rassam, D & Littleboy, M (2003) ‘Identifying the lateral component of drainage flux in hill slopes’, Proceedings of MODSIM03 Congress, July 2003, Townsville, pp 183-188.
Schmid, P & Luthin J (1964) Drainage of sloping lands’, Journal of Geophysical Research 69(8) 1525-1529.
Stenson, M, Littleboy, M & Gilfedder, M (2005) Modelling water and salt export from unregulated upland catchments: The 2CSalt model, Proceedings of International Water Conference, NZHS-IAH-NZSSS, Auckland, November, 2005.
Stenson, M. P., M. Littleboy and M. Gilfedder (2011) Estimation of water and salt generation from unregulated upland catchments. Environmental Modelling and Software 26(11): 1268-1278.
Towner, GD (1975) Drainage of groundwater resting on a sloping bed with uniform rainfall, Water Resources Research 11(1) 144-147.
Verhoest, NEC & Troch, PA (2000) Some analytical solutions of the linearized Boussinesq equation with recharge for a sloping aquifer, Water Resources Research 36(3): 793-800.
Walker GR, Gilfedder, M, & Dawes WR (2005) Idealised analogue for predicting groundwater response times from sloping aquifers. Technical Report 14/05, CSIRO Land and Water, Adelaide, 21pp.
Wooding, RA & Chapman, TG (1966) Groundwater flow over a sloping impermeable layer. 1. Application of Dupuit-Forchheimer assumption’, Journal of Geophysical Research 71(1):2895-2902.
Bibliography
Gilfedder, M, Rassam, DW, Stenson, MP & Littleboy, M 2009, ‘Groundwater component of the WaterCAST catchment modelling framework’, Proceedings of 18th World IMACS/MODSIM Congress, July 2009, Cairns, [published as CDROM].