You can edit the properties of the source node by:
- Double-clicking the left mouse button over the source node icon; or
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Navigating Through the Dialogue Boxes
You can click on any tab and and can edit any of the data presented on in the active dialogue box. The Source Tab
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The Source contains 3 options:
- Generate: default option which generates both runoff and contaminants based on the provided parameters
- Custom Flow and Generate Contaminants: this allows you to import flow time series data, resulting in the stochastic generation of constituents
- Custom Flow and Contaminants: this allows you to import time series data of total runoff and associated contaminants
Generate
This Tab contains Land Use/Zoning type, the total area, and the percentage of impervious and pervious area for that source node. It also contains the hydrologic parameters used by the rainfall-runoff model. For more information on model structure, operation and suggested parameter ranges see Rainfall Runoff Modelling.
Land Use/Zoning Type
For source nodes, select the zoning or surface type. This will change the water quality parameters used in the generation of pollutants from the source node to values appropriate for that zoning or surface type. See below for more details.
Total Area
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The area information forms part of the input to MUSIC’s rainfall runoff model, derived from a model developed by the CRC for Catchment Hydrology (Chiew & McMahon, 1997). For a diagram of the model structure and a brief description of its operation, see Appendix A : - Rainfall-Runoff Modelling. Further guidance on setting appropriate parameters for the rainfall runoff model is contained in the Appendices, especially for parameters specific to particular regions.
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Each component of runoff is calculated using the information above and a daily time-step. Each component is then disaggregated to the required time-step, using the detailed rainfall pattern and a technique appropriate to that component. For more information on disaggregation see Appendix A : - Rainfall-Runoff Modelling.
Water Quality Parameter Dialogue Boxes
The third, fourth and fifthe dialog boxes contain the water quality parameters used in the generation of pollutants from the source node. Each dialog box is devoted to one of the pollutants modelled:
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There are different tabs as Total Suspended Solids, Total Phosphorus and Total Nitrogen for modelling these pollutants.
The pollutants are generated as concentrations in mg/L, and can be defined for both the storm flow and base flow components of runoff generated from the rainfall runoff model.
Tip Box
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The default values displayed for Mean and Standard Deviation (Std Dev) for both base flow and storm flow (Table 1) are adapted from a range of sources, particularly Duncan (1999) and are discussed in more detail in Urban Runoff Generation. Wherever possible, these values have been modified in the MUSIC6.ini file to be representative of the region in which MUSIC is being applied.
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You can modify the pollutant concentrations as desired, by changing the values displayed in the Mean and Std Dev boxes.
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Land Use/
SurfaceZoning Types
For Urban For source nodes, each land use/zoning /surface type has appropriate base flow and storm flow pollutant concentrations for that zoning (eg. rural residential) or surface type (eg, sealed roads, unsealed roads). The selection of Land Use/Zoning /Surface Type is selected on Page 1 of the Wizard, and on Source Tab changes the default values displayed on pages 3, 4 and 5Total Suspended Solids, Total Phosphorous and Total Nitrogen Tabs. Prior to MUSIC version 6.2, MUSIC had three source nodes, Urban, Agricultural and Forest. The 'mixed' Zoning/Surface type contains the same pollutant concentration parameters as the prior default 'Urban' values. For all other Zoning/Surface types, the pollutant concentration parameters are Sydney Catchment Authority (2012).
Table 1. Default pollutant concentrations for each source node
Source Node Type | Zoning/Surface Type | Pollutant Concentration (log mg/L) | |||||||||||
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| Total Suspended Solids | Total Phosphorus | Total Nitrogen | |||||||||||
| Base Flow | Storm Flow | Base Flow | Storm Flow | Base | Storm | ||||||||
| Mean | Std Dev | Mean | Std Dev | Mean | Std Dev | Mean | Std Dev | Mean | Std Dev | Mean | Std Dev | ||
| Agricultural | - | 1.40 | 0.13 | 2.30 | 0.31 | -0.88 | 0.13 | -0.27 | 0.30 | 0.074 | 0.130 | 0.59 | 0.26 |
| Forest | - | 0.90 | 0.13 | 1.90 | 0.20 | -1.50 | 0.13 | -1.10 | 0.22 | -0.14 | 0.13 | -0.075 | 0.240 |
Urban | Mixed | 1.10 | 0.17 | 2.20 | 0.32 | -8.20 | 0.19 | -0.45 | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.12 | 0.42 | 0.19 |
| Roof | 1.10 | 0.17 | 1.30 | 0.32 | -8.20 | 0.19 | -0.89 | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.12 | 0.30 | 0.19 | |
| Sealed Road | 1.20 | 0.17 | 2.43 | 0.32 | -8.50 | 0.19 | -0.30 | 0.25 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.34 | 0.19 | |
| Unsealed road | 1.20 | 0.17 | 3.00 | 0.32 | -8.50 | 0.19 | -0.30 | 0.25 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.34 | 0.19 | |
| Eroding gullies | 1.20 | 0.17 | 3.00 | 0.32 | -8.50 | 0.19 | -0.30 | 0.25 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.34 | 0.19 | |
| Revegetated land | 1.15 | 0.17 | 1.95 | 0.32 | -1.22 | 0.19 | -0.66 | 0.25 | -0.05 | 0.12 | 0.30 | 0.19 | |
| Quarries | 1.20 | 0.17 | 3.00 | 0.32 | -0.85 | 0.19 | -0.30 | 0.25 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.34 | 0.19 | |
| Residential | 1.20 | 0.17 | 2.15 | 0.32 | -0.85 | 0.19 | -0.60 | 0.25 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.30 | 0.19 | |
| Commercial | 1.20 | 0.17 | 2.15 | 0.32 | -0.85 | 0.19 | -0.60 | 0.25 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.30 | 0.19 | |
| Industrial | 1.20 | 0.17 | 2.15 | 0.32 | -0.85 | 0.19 | -0.60 | 0.25 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.30 | 0.19 | |
Rural residential | 1.15 | 0.17 | 1.95 | 0.32 | -1.22 | 0.19 | -0.66 | 0.25 | -0.05 | 0.12 | 0.30 | 0.19 | |
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There are two options available for defining pollutant concentration in both the surface and baseflow components of the runoff:
Tip Box
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- Mean: A constant value set at the value displayed in the Mean text box; or
- Stochastically Generated: A stochastically generated concentration whose mean and standard deviation will be consistent with those displayed in the Mean and Standard Deviation text boxes.
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- text boxes
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When using the Stochastically generated option, the concentration at each time-step will be regenerated using a stochastic model that reproduces the mean and standard deviation of the log values displayed in the text boxes.
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A review of instantaneous water quality data has been undertaken to examine the ‘cross-correlation’ between pollutant concentrations, under both baseflow and stormflow conditions. No significant correlations were found during baseflow, however in urban catchments, a strong correlation can exist between TSS and TP during stormflow. In previous versions of music, this correlation was hard-wired, however in Version 4 and above of music, this has been removed to allow greater flexibility in the configuring of constituents.
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The default autocorrelation coefficient is set to zero to allow the same model run by different users to produce the same magnitude of loads, however you can specify the auto correlation coefficient if required (say if needing to calibrate against measured concentration data) and should use the values as set out in the table below:
| Time-step | Autocorrelation coefficient | |
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| Baseflow | Stormflow | |
| 6-min | 0.94 | 0.95 |
| 12-min | 0.82 | 0.93 |
| 30-min | 0.51 | 0.84 |
| 1-hour | 0.41 | 0.77 |
| 3-hour | 0.37 | 0.62 |
| 6-hour | 0.35 | 0.50 |
| Day | 0.31 | 0.27 |
It is important to note that the autocorrelation coefficient will not significantly affect the treatment train effectiveness produced by music, but simply ensures that the variation over time in concentrations during storm events and baseflow conditions is more ‘realistic’. Depending on the time-step and coefficient used, there can be variations in mean annual loads for the same model run on different computers, however the maximum difference is usually within 10% of the previous run.
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Custom Flow and Generate Contaminants
Custom Flow and Generate Contaminants option as shown in the figure below allows you to import flow time series data, resulting in the stochastic generation of constituents.
Custom Flow and Contaminants
There are many situations where you may need to create a node in music which uses imported time-series data (flow, TSS, TP, TN and gross pollutants). It may be used for creating custom-made source nodes, or treatment nodes. For example, you may want to:
- Import observed (monitored) flow and water quality data at the inflow and/or outflow of a treatment node (e.g. a wetland), to allow you to calibrate the wetland’s treatment performance to the observed data.
- You may wish to simulate a ‘non-standard’ source of pollutants (e.g. a sewerage treatment plant, that has variable flow and water quality characteristics), for which you have monitoring data
- You may wish to use monitored streamflow and water quality to create a "receiving node" into which a music simulation discharges, to allow you to monitor your proposed treatment train’s performance against water quality standards.
To create such node, you can choose Custom Flow and Contaminants option in Source node which will allow you to import Total flow along with contaminant time series data as shown below:
