Demand and End-use Simulation
Urban Developer represents urban demand by simulating individual end-uses at the household level. The end-use categories included in Urban Developer are:
- outdoor/variable;
- shower;
- washing machine;
- toilets and
- indoor hand taps and dishwashers
These five end-uses typically comprise 93-98 percent of household water use (Thyer et al., 2008). End-uses such as baths and leaks are not modelled explicitly, but can be lumped with the outdoor/variable end-use. Separating demand into its individual users provides the user with the flexibility to use different supply sources for each of the types of end-use.
The urban demand is represented by a Water Use node (Figure 1). Urban Developer offers two methods for simulating the water use at a water use node, either:
- an Average daily model, or
- a Behavioural model, with three possible configurations:
- Fixed appliances and occupancy specified for each water use node in the model
- Randomly sampled values for appliances and occupancy across the water use nodes in the model
- Average appliance demand (which can be used in conjunction with fixed or sampled appliances and occupancy).
Figure 1 Urban scenario water use nodes
Contents
References
Thyer, M. A., Duncan, H., Coombes, P., Kuczera, G., & Micevski, T. (2009). A probabilistic behavioural approach for the dynamic modelling of indoor household water use. In H2009: 32nd Hydrology and Water Resources Symposium: Adapting to Change, 30 November - 3 December 2009, Newcastle, Australia (p. 1059).
Acknowledgements
This material has been adapted from:
eWater Cooperative Research Centre (2011) Urban Developer User Guide: Urban Developer v1.0.0, eWater Cooperative Research Centre, Canberra, 29 June 2011. ISBN 978-1-921543-40-1