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Source supports three types of link routing. You can either use straight through routing, a lagged routing model (Figure 4) or a storage routing model (Figure 5). To enable routing, right click on the link, choose Routing Type, then click on the required link routing.
A demand link, is created when you connect a water user node to a supply point node and is represented in the Schematic Editor using dashed red lines. They behave exactly like no routing links, and cannot be configured.
A wetland routing link interconnects wetland hydraulic connector nodes and/or storage nodes. A wetland link is also known as a horizontal link because it is can only attach to the sides of storage and wetland connector nodes, rather than their upstream or downstream connectors. The presence of a horizontal link at a storage node indicates that the storage is behaving as a wetland. A wetland routing link is represented in the Schematic Editor as a solid green line with an arrow representing the expected direction of flow, which is set when you draw the link.
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- Compute the number of divisions, n, by dividing the average wave passage time by the model time-step and round the result to a whole number. The result must be at least one (ie n ≥ 1).
- Configure a storage flow routing reach where:
- n = number of divisions;
- x = 1;
- m = 1; and
- K = model time-step.
- If you need to account for lateral flows where n=1 and the average travel time is a fraction of the model time-step (eg. a reach with a one day lag in a model with a monthly time-step), you can adjust K to a smaller value without affecting the shape of the hydrograph.
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Storage flow routing
This type of link is represented in the Schematic Editor as a solid black line. Storage routing is based on mass conservation and the assumption of monotonic relationships between storage and discharge in a link.
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| Row | Column (comma-separated) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
| 1 | Level | Discharge (ML/d) | Surface width (m) | Dead storage (ML) |
| 2..n | level | rate | width | storage |
Where: level
level is the storage height in the reach in metres above dead storage
rate is the outflow from the reach in megalitres per day in the corresponding level
width is the surface width of the reach in metres at the corresponding level
storage is the dead storage in the reach in megalitres at the corresponding level.
There should be at least one row describing the maximum depth at which there is zero flow, and which quantifies the maximum amount of dead storage in the reach. Thereafter, the dead storage volume should remain constant. Table 4 shows an example of this. A depth of 0.5 metres defines the maximum amount of dead storage (100 megalitres), after which the dead storage remains constant. Note that if discharge is 0, then dead storage must be increasing, or it must be equal to the previous value of dead storage.
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| Level (m) | Discharge (ML/d) | Surface width (m) | Dead storage (ML) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0.1 | 0 | 5 | 50 |
| 0.5 | 0 | 10 | 100 |
| 1 | 10 | 11 | 100 |
| 5 | 500 | 15 | 100 |
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To edit an exising rating curve, select the curve from the list of available curves under Rating Curve. Edit the data and click OK to close the editor. To delete a rating curve, right click the curve from the list and choose Delete.
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By convention, losses are described using positive numbers whereas gains are specified using negative numbers. In other words, a gain is a negative loss. Note that in
| Info | ||
|---|---|---|
| ||
| Note: In the Flow vs Loss/Gain table, flow cannot be negative. Additionally, the values for Loss/Gain Qloss must be increasing (as shown in Figure 9). |
Figure 9. Link (Storage routing, Loss/Gain)
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| Row | Column (comma-separated) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | |
| 1..n | time | value |
Where :
time is the time of observation in "dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss" format
value is the evaporation rate
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.rainfall in millimetres per time-step
Link evaporation
Choose Evaporation to specify the rate of evaporation per unit of surface area. Typically, this is done using a time series (loaded using Data Sources), the format of which is shown in Table 5. You can also specify the rate of evaporation using as a single value, or as an expression , or by reference to the output of another scenario. By default, expressions return units in millimetres per day but you can change this in the Expression Editor if requiredusing the Function Editor.
Figure 10. Link (Evaporation)
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To specify the rate of precipitation per unit of surface area, choose Rainfall. This can be done using either Just like evaporation, this can be specified as a single value, as a time series (format shown in Table 5) or an expression. A time series can have multiple columns containing rainfall data.
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Figure 13. Link (Ordering)
Ownership at links
The intention of ownership in at links is to define which owner is responsible for fluxes that occur on links. Refer to Refer to Figure 14 for 14 for details.
Figure 14. Links (Ownership)
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